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C Name
A C Name, also known as a "canonical name" or "Domain Alias," is the section in a domain name's zone file that specifies whether a subset of the domain name should point to the same or another domain name (location) on the Internet.  An example of a C Name is mydomain.leestreet.com.

Canonical
Please see C Name.

ccTLD
A country code Top Level Domain is a TLD consisting of the standardized 2-character abbreviation for a country. For example, .ky represents the Cayman Islands, and TV represents Tovalu. ccTLDs can be used in the same manner as a gTLD.

Class A Network
A Class A Network is an interconnected series of machines on the Internet that is able to hold up to 16 million IP Addresses.

Class B Network
A Class B Network is an interconnected series of machines on the Internet that is able to hold up to 65 thousand IP Addresses.

Class C Network
A Class C Network is an interconnected series of machines on the Internet that is able to hold up to 256 IP Addresses.

Client
A client on the Internet represents one half of a relationship known as the client/server relationship.  Typically, the client (such as a Web browser) makes a request for information from a server.  The server, in turn, delivers information back to the client.  The Internet is largely based on this concept.

Client/Server
The client/server relationship describes a process that allows most functions on the Internet to occur.  Typically, the client program places a request for information or a task to a server.  On the Internet, this can occur from 2 separate/distant locations using networking technologies as well as the use of TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol).  E-mail programs and e-mail servers, as well as Web browsers and Web servers are some widely used examples of a client/server relationship.

Cobrand
A leestreet.com cobrand Web site is a partnered domain name Web site that gives management companies that partner with leestreet.com the ability to offer apartment rental services through leestreet.com's administrative, leasing or referral systems.

Confirmation E-mail

Generally, any forms or other contact instruments used from within any LeeStreet.com website will receive an e-mail confirming our receipt of your message and may include a specific response. The purpose of a confirmation e-mail is to establish a working communication loop between server and user.

Contact/Agent
A contact, or agent, is the individual or group of individuals listed with particular types of Contact Information associated with this website.  These contacts are categorized as personnel, leasing agent, maintenance, legal, or administrator contacts.

Copyright Law
A set of laws controlling literary, photographic, software or other creative works granting copyright ownership and protection to the originators, for a limited period, whereby he is invested with the sole right to multiply or otherwise distribute them for gain.

Counter
A counter is a program that counts and displays the number of visitors to a particular Web page.

Country Code
A country code is the standardized 2-character abbreviation for a country, used as their Top Level Domain in the Domain Name System.  For example, KY represents the Cayman Islands, and TV represents Tuvalu.

Cybersquatter
A cybersquatter is an individual that has reserved one or more commercially viable domain name(s) with the intent to sell them to the individual or organization willing to pay the highest price for the name. In some cases a cybersquatter may hold a name for the singular purpose of precluding it's availability to a competing service or user. In many cases, the domain name that has been reserved by the cybersquatter has already been trademarked or service marked by another organization.

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Domain Name Space
The domain name space is the sum total of all space available on the Internet, whether it is in use or not, which is arranged in a hierarchical "tree" of areas of jurisdiction, called domains.

Domain Name System
The Domain Name System, a distributed database, is the Internet-wide methodology that allows Internet users to type an easy-to-remember, alphanumeric domain name into a Web browser or other Internet utility, which is translated in order to locate the numeric IP Address of a computer on the Internet.

Domain Trafficking
Domain trafficking is the common practice of selling a registered domain name to another party, either independently or through a domain name broker for a sum of money decided on between the two parties.

Dot Address
A dot address is another term used to describe an IP Address, in which a numerical Web address is delimited by four sets of numbers, each ranging between 0 and 255, separated by dots. An example of an IP Address is 24.148.47.156.

Dot or "."
"." is used to denote the top of the domain name space hierarchy, which includes all the space available on the Internet at any given time.  Additionally, in a URL, the "." indicates a division between segments of the address.

Dotted Octet
Dotted octet is the phrase generally used to describe the format of an IP Address, as well as the sequence of IP Addresses that can be allocated on the Internet.

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Frames
A web author can cause a page to be divided into "frames", each of which can receive an HTML-constructed window of information. On most web sites that use "frames", the web designer provides all the content in each of the frames. Typically a small frame to the left is used as a menu, and a large frame in the center and right of the screen contains the main body of text, all of which originates from the same web site.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
FTP, or File Transfer Protocol, is a standard Internet protocol, or method, that uses the TCP/IP protocol to transfer files or programs from one computer on the Internet to another.  A common use of FTP is to upload or transfer Web site files and images from a computer to a Web server, so that other Internet users can access the Web site.

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gTLD
gTLD is an acronym for generic (global) Top Level Domain. These TLDs are not country specific and can be registered internationally.  The six gTLDs are .com, net, .org, .gov, mil and .edu.

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Hit
A hit is the term used for each instance of an Internet user requesting a file from a Web server. If a Web page has five images contained in it, accessing that page with a Web browser will count as six hits (the HTML file + 5 image files) in the Web server's log.

Home Page
A home page, also referred to as an index page, is the term used to identify the first page accessed when visiting a Web site made up of many individual pages.  The home page of a Web site typically provides the means to navigate the rest of the site. An example of a home page URL is http://www.leestreet.com/  The final forward slash indicates that there may be unlimited number of files, pages or images, etc. that may follow, such as http://www.leestreet.com/pop/school.php, and so on.

Host (Domain Alias)
Please see Domain Alias.

Host
A host is a general term used for a computer connected to the Internet that has access to send and receive queries to and from other computers.  An example of a host would be a Web server.

Hostmaster
Hostmaster is a term often used to describe an individual or group of individuals that is responsible for handling e-mail related to network administration issues.

HREF
An H-Reference links one web page or site to another page or site. An HREF link is the kind we are all accustomed to. It is a region on the screen which, when selected by the visitor, causes the present screen to be erased and causes an entirely new screen to be loaded. This glossary is rich with HREF links.

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
HTML, the acronym for Hypertext Markup Language, is the language used for creating Web pages, which consists of a series of codes or tags that are interpreted by a Web browser for the purposes of displaying a Web page's content.

HTTP (Hypertext T
ransfer Protocol) HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is a protocol, or method, of transferring hypertext files from an HTTP server to an HTTP client, such as a Web browser, across the Internet.  HTTP is the most commonly used protocol on the Internet.

Hypertext
Hypertext is a form of text that allows users to link or connect text in one document or Web page to text on the same or another page.  The most common instance of hypertext is on Web pages, where links appear as underlined text; clicking on a link typically allows the user to access other relevant information.

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IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)
The IANA is the authority originally responsible for overseeing the Domain Name System, Top Level Domains and the Internet's root servers.  Please see ICANN.

ICANN
The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) is the independent, nonprofit organization that was formed to take responsibility for Internet governance, including assigning IP Address, Domain Name System management and domain name allocation.

Impression
An impression is a term used to describe a page view on a Web site.  Whereas a hit describes a request for a file on a Web page, an impression describes an instance of a visitor viewing the whole page. Information about impressions is used to determine the number of visitors that are coming to a particular Web site.

Intellectual property
Intellectual property is generally some sort of information or data that is given the same consideration as goods and services in terms of legal protection against infringement and copyrights. For example, the entire contents of this website, LeeStreet.com, would be considered intellectual property.

Internet
The Internet is the sum total of interconnected computer networks that allows a user, connected at any computer on any network, to access any other computer on any other network.  This "network of networks" uses the TCP/IP protocols and evolved from the ARPAnet of the late 1960's.

Internet Address
Please see URL.

Internet Protocol (IP) Numbers
Please see IP Address.

Internet Service Provider (ISP)
An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company, individual or organization that may provide Internet access, Web Hosting services and e-mail services, typically in exchange for a fee.

Internet Society (ISOC)
The Internet Society is a professional membership organization that focuses on the goal of cooperation and coordination between all organizations involved in developing the Internet.

InterNIC
InterNIC (Internet Network Information Center), is a registered service mark of the US Department of Commerce.  The InterNIC, formerly responsible for registering and maintaining the .com, Net and .org  Top Level Domains names is currently an informational Web site established to provide the public with information about domain name registration.  The site is accessible at www.internic.net.

IP
IP is an abbreviation for Internet Protocol, which is a protocol, or method, of transporting data from one computer to another over the Internet.

IP Address
An IP (Internet Protocol) Address, or IP Number, is a numerical locator for computers, Domain Name Servers, e-mail servers and Web servers on the Internet.  Every machine on the Internet can be located by a unique IP Address, which consists of four sets of numbers, each of which range from 0 to 255, separated by dots (for example, 24.148.47.156).

IP Number
Please see IP Address.

ISO
ISO is the universally accepted 'short name', not an acronym, for the International Organization for Standardization.  This organization is made up of representatives from each member country and works toward the goal of developing standardization that facilitate the exchange of goods, services and intellectual property between countries.

ISO 3166
ISO 3166 is a document issued by the International Organization for Standardization that sets guidelines for the format of country code TLDs.  This document states that each country is assigned a unique, 2 letter code as its Top Level Domain.

ISP
Please see Internet Service Provider.

ISP Manager
ISP manager is a utility that is used to assist domain name holders in managing various aspects of their domain names.  The application can modify DNS Information and set zone file entries for domain names registered through their registrar's systems and/or for which their registrar's Domain Name Servers are authoritative.

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Java
Java is an object-oriented programming language used to create applications that are compatible with being distributed throughout a network or the Internet.

Java Applet
A Java Applet is a small program that can be returned to a user via a Web browser.  These client driven mini-programs were designed with the ability to perform simple functions, without having to initiate a subsequent request to the server.

Jpeg
A jpeg file is a common, compressed graphic format that is easily viewed on the Internet.  .jpg is the file extension for the file type jpeg.

.jpg
.jpg is the file extension for the file type jpeg. A jpeg file is a common, compressed graphic format that is easily viewed on the Internet.

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K
There are no entries for the letter K.

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Lame Delegation
Lame delegation is a term used to describe an instance of assigning, to a registered domain name, Domain Name Servers that do not contain a zone file for that name.  In this instance, even though the domain name has been assigned valid Domain Name Server, the domain name is not able to be resolved on the Internet.

Lee Street Management
Lee Street Management is the name of the organization that assembled and presented this Glossary of Internet Terms. It is intended for exclusive use on this LeeStreet.com website. Please do not copy. See our Terms of Use if you have any questions about Lee Street Management's copyrighted materials. Thank you.

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POP/POP3
POP, or post office protocol, is the name of a method for retrieving electronic mail from the Internet, which functions as a client/server protocol.  E-mail is stored on a mail server until a user connects to the server with an e-mail client (program) to retrieve the e-mail  Whereas SMTP is the protocol commonly used for sending mail, POP is the method commonly used for retrieving mail.  POP3 is the most recent version of post office protocol.

Postmaster
The Postmaster is typically an individual responsible for administering electronic mail accounts on a mail server with the ability to establish user names and passwords and set account defaults and preferences.  The postmaster is considered the administrator of email accounts within a domain name and is responsible for adding and removing users.

Primary Server
A primary server is one of the Domain Name Servers associated with a pair of Name Servers.  Generally, Domain Name Servers are grouped in pairs, with a primary and a secondary server.  The primary Name Server is responsible for updating the secondary Name Server with any new zone file information or modifications that have been submitted by the DNS administrator.

Q
There are no entries for the letter Q.

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Recursion
Recursion is the name of the process through which certain Domain Name Servers are configured to search for and resolve domain names.

Register
See Registration.

Registrant
The Registrant is the individual or organization to whom a specific domain name is registered with a registry. Once the registrant has registered the domain name, paid the associated fees and met certain conditions, the individual or organization holds the domain name for use for a specific period of time and can use the domain name for such purposes as Web hosting and e-mail.

Registrar
A Registrar is an organization or company that is either authorized by ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names & Numbers, an organization dedicated to Internet governance) to provide registration services for all the .net, .org and .com global Top-Level Domain names, or is authorized by its respective government to register domain name.  A registrar must also be authorized by the proper registry to act as an agent of the registry to process domain name registration, where the agent is not a reseller.  The registrar also has the responsibility to create and maintain a WHOIS database containing contact information associated with the domain name.

Registration
Registration is the process by which an individual or organization purchases the right to use a domain name for a specified period of time.  Domain Name registrations are typically processed through a registrar and, in general, require a registration fee, Contact Information, acceptance of a Services Agreement and, in some cases, meeting certain conditions or requirements.

Registration Fee
A registration fee is the amount of money charged by a registrar or the organization authorized by a TLD's respective government to register domain name.  Registration fees vary among TLDs.

Registry
A Registry is a regional organization or entity that is responsible for assigning domain names and Internet Addresses and is under contract from its respective government to control domain name registration.  Registry responsibilities include recording and updating domain names and Internet Addresses, as well as the information associated with them, on the root servers.

Request for Comments (RFC)
Request For Comments is the process and subsequent documentation that occurs when creating a new Internet standard.  Various committees draft and review these documents before acceptance as a formal RFC.

Resolve/Resolution
Resolution is the name of the process used to translate a domain name into its corresponding IP, or numerical, Address, in locating a computer on the Internet.  For example, if one were to enter the domain name leestreet.com into a Web browser, leestreet.com would be resolved by a Domain Name Server to its proper IP Address in order to connect the user to the correct Web server containing the leestreet.com Web site.

Reverse DNS Lookup
Reverse DNS (Domain Name System) lookup is a process by which an Internet user queries an IP Address to map it to the domain name that is associated with it.  See NSlookup.

Root
The root domain is the top of the hierarchy of the domain name space. The root domain, which is often represented by "." is the sum total of all domain name space available on the Internet.

Root Cache
The root cache is the file on a root server that contains information about what Domain Name Servers are authoritative for domain names.

Root Domain
The root domain is the top of the hierarchy of the domain name space.  The root domain, which is often represented by ".", is the sum total of all domain name space available on the Internet.

Root Server
A root server is a computer running software that enables it to maintain and distribute information about what Domain Name Servers are authoritative for domain names.

Root Server System
The root server system is a group of 13 file servers that contain a master list of domain names in the .com, Net and .org domains and the Domain Name Servers that are authoritative for them.  These 13 servers are ultimately responsible for informing querying Domain Name Servers of where to find authoritative information for gTLD and where to locate the authoritative sources for ccTLD domain names. The 'A' root server is updated daily with new gTLD domain name registrations and their authoritative name servers, as well as modifications to existing domain names.  The changes are then copied to the other 12 root servers.

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Security Certificate
A security certificate is a digital identification sequence that allows for identity verification or Web sites security verification on the Internet.

Server
A server is a software program that is designed to accept and carry out requests and queries initiated by a client program.  Servers and clients may exist on the same computer or different computers connected to the Internet.  An example of a server is a Web server, which is a computer running software configured to answer requests for Web sites by serving up the files that comprise a Web sites to the computer that is requesting them, typically via a Web browser.

Service Mark
A service mark is a logo, phrase, word, name or any other identifying mark that indicates a service, that has been registered through the proper government-approved authority to represent that service. Registered service marks are protected from infringement through the registering agency.

SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is a protocol, or method, that is used for sending e-mail on the Internet.  This protocol is typically used in conjunction with POP (post office protocol), the method commonly used for retrieving electronic mail from a mail server on the Internet. Most e-mail programs allow you to specify both an SMTP and POP server. Access to or the name of an SMTP server is something that is typically provided by an ISP.

SRS
The Shared Registration System (SRS) is a universal database system of available .com, Net and .org domain names that was developed by Network Solutions, Inc. as a requirement to allow ICANN accredited registrars the ability to register and modify domain names in the registry.  This system prevents a domain name that is successfully registered through one registrar from being registered through another domain name registration site.

SSL
SSL, or Secure Sockets Layer, is a protocol (method) developed by Netscape that provides Internet users using HTTP with the ability to secure the transmission of information on the Internet between a client (Web browser) and a server.  Please see Security Certificate.

Start of Authority (SOA) Resource Record
The SOA Record, as it relates to a zone file, indicates that the Domain Name Server that the file is residing on is the authoritative Domain Name Server for the domain name.  Essentially, the SOA Record contains caching and expiration "instructions" that are communicated to the DNS when zone file information is received for a domain name.

Subdomain
A subdomain is a level of division of the domain name space.  Every domain names that exists on the Internet can be divided up into an infinite number of subdomains.  For example, in the URL mydomain.leestreet.com, "mydomain" is considered a subdomain.

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WHOIS
A WHOIS database is a database that is maintained by a registrar, containing information about the domain names that have been registered through that particular registrar.  The information provided by a WHOIS database includes the organization, the name, e-mail address, phone numbers and fax numbers for various contacts associated with the domain name.  Every domain name registrar is required to create and maintain a WHOIS database for all domain names registered through their company.

www (World Wide Web)
The abbreviation "www" stands for World Wide Web.  The World Wide Web is generally considered to be the group of Internet users and servers that use hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) to send and receive information over the Internet.

In many cases, www is used as a Domain Alias, when entered at the beginning of a URL. For example, http://leestreet.com and http://www.leestreet.com are both configured to access the same Web site.

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X
There are no entries for the letter X.

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Y
There are no entries for the letter Y.

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Zone File
A zone file is an entry on a Domain Name Server (DNS) that specifies the IP Address, Domain Alias, MX Record and Start of Authority information for a domain name.  The DNS then uses the zone file to respond to queries for domain name resolution information.  Zone files are generally created and maintained by the administrator of the DNS that the domain name lists as authoritative in the root servers.